Law 12/2023 introduced rent-controlled areas (zonas de mercado residencial tensionado) and a state rent reference index. In a rent-controlled area, the rent on a new lease cannot exceed the rent of the previous lease on the same flat, and for large landlords the index sets the ceiling.
As of November 2026, about 320 municipalities have rent-controlled status:
- 271 in Catalonia, including Barcelona, Girona and Tarragona;
- 21 in Navarre;
- 21 in the Basque Country;
- 5 in Asturias;
- 2 in Galicia.
We calculated the total ourselves by adding up the quarterly BOE resolutions: there is no official national figure.Madrid, Valencia, Málaga and Palma have not been declared rent-controlled areas. There, the market sets the rent on a new lease.